You often need to change verbs and pronouns to keep the original meaning. Wondering how to make indirect speech of sentences with let. Mary informed memarry informed me that she would play cards the following daythe next day. In direct speech we repeat exactly what someone said. If will is the modal in the reported utterance and expresses future time, and if the situation described in the quote still holds true at the time of the indirect report, the will may not be changed to would even though the reporting verb is in the past tense. Time refers to the actual time that something happens, such as today or now or 5 weeks ago. Direct speech indirect speech where does peter live. Reported speech puts the speakers words or ideas into a sentence without quotation. Change of must in indirect speech english language. Reported speech english grammar today cambridge dictionary.
For converting direct speech into indirect speech, present modals e. Indirect speech is normally used when conversation is reported verbally, though. Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples log in dictionary. Reported speech definition and meaning collins english. After we report a question, it is no longer a question and in writing there is no question mark. His mother told him not to put sticky things in his. Arden said that a volcanic eruption will occur next year.
Words spoken or thought by one person in one place at a certain time may be reported, by that. Are you feeling past continuous simple past i was there last year. As with reported statements, we may need to change pronouns and tense backshift as well as time and place in reported questions. Question forms and reported speech english grammar ef.
In this case, pronouns will change in indirect speech, but the tenses in the reported. That is why it is often necessary to make grammatical changes generally quite obvious to the structure of a sentence. Present simple, present continuous and present perfect. University of groningen between direct and indirect speech. Reported speech use reported speech is used to retell or report what other person has actually said. This usage of the gerund is illustrated in the fourth. Backshift of tenses verb tenses direct speech reported speech pronounsverb tenses simple present do you i am a carpenter. We also may need to change other words that were used, for example pronouns. Reported speech may or may not need a change in verbal tenses when converted from direct speech. Do we change adverb like tomorrow, ago when tense of reporting verb is in present or future. This is an interactive activity for teachers and students.
Direct and indirect speech in englishspeaking childrens retold. Reported statements mixed exercise change this direct speech into reported speech. Use of reporting verbs reporting verbs are used in reported speech the most common reporting verbs are say and tell. Pdf on jan 1, 2009, elizabeth holt and others published reported. Direct and indirect speech basic rules indirect speech for all tenses. The general rule is that reported speech backs up one verb tense. Tense is the grammatical form of the verb that in the reported clause we sometimes shift back backshift. If there are any pronouns present, you may have to change them. Lets make indirect speech of following let sentences with examples and explanation.
A collection of english esl reported speech indirect speech worksheets for home learning, online practice, distance learning and english classes to teach a. In this case, pronouns will change in indirect speech, but the tenses in the reported clause stay the same. A collection of english esl worksheets for home learning, online practice, distance learning and english classes to teach about reported, speech, reported sp. When we report conditionals and statements that refer to unreal situations, some tenses and modals may change if the reported words are no longer true or are outofdate. Later, maybe we want to tell someone else what the first person said. Reported speech english as a second language esl worksheet. Normal word order is used in reported questions, that is, the subject comes before the verb, and it is not necessary to use do or did. Words spoken or thought by one person in one place at a certain time may be reported, by that very person or by someone else, in a different place and at a different time. Quoted and reported speech san jose state university. When the main idea of a speakers words is reported by another person and the exact.
When there is a modal verb in the original statement, this sometimes changes when we report. Keep reading to understand how to use reported speech and download this free english lesson. He said i dont like football in reported speech, however, we tell what someone said without repeating his exact words. English esl reported speech indirect speech worksheets. As you can see, in the above sentence am changes to was when we use reported speech. Reported speech is also known as indirect speech and is used to tell somebody else what another person said. On occasions reported speech may be introduced without a prefatory. Changing direct speech to reported indirect speech can be difficult because of the verb tense changes required. If the reported information is still true, you may use the same tense. Time and place in reported speech grammar englishclub. Students ability at changing direct into indirect speech and indirect into direct speech. Reported speech exercise direct reported is seeing was seeing sees saw saw sawhad seen has seen had seen will see would see is going to see was going to see can see could see direct reported here there this that these those now then today that day. For example, adverbials of time such as tomorrow could be changed to.
English grammar pdf worksheet on reported questions. Using reported speech in english can sometimes be difficult for nonnative speakers as we usually change the verbs, pronouns and specific times. Rewrite the sentences so that they have the same meaning as the original. Reported speech 1 statements grammar intermediate to upper. If you are reporting on what someone else has said, words like tomorrow or ago dont change, but the tenses need to make sense he says that he will go to delhi tomorrow or the next day. Reported speech reported questions english grammar pdf worksheet author. In reported speech, the reader does not assume that the words are the speakers exact words.
Students must transform direct speech sentences into reported speech ones with the help of some hints. Sometimes someone says a sentence, for example im going to the cinema tonight. However, there are a number of other reporting verbs that can be used instead of say or tell to make more efficient i. Pobierz reported speech mowa zalezna reported speech mowazalezna pdf pobrano 4454 razy 602 kb podziel sie tym postem ze znajomymi. Reported speech is speech which tells you what someone said, but does not use the. He said, lets wait for him one more time here she said to him, lets think if there is any alternative to this issue mark said, lets not waste our time here by.
In reported speech we need to use the past tense form of the verb. Structure formal aspects we can find different ways of expressing the direct speech. Page 1 direct and indirect speech rules pdf table of contents identify reported speech and reported speech direct and indirect speech punctuation rules use of conjunction that rules for changing pronouns in indirect speech indirect speech rules for all tenses rules for change in time and adverb in indirect speech. May be freely copied for personal or classroom use. Conditionals and unreal tenses in indirect speech grammaring. Reported speech english grammar today a reference to written and spoken english grammar and usage cambridge dictionary. Reported speech also called indirect speech relates what the person said, but does not use the exact words. As previously mentioned, at times, the reporting verb e. This handy chart and tips will help students remember common verb tense and modal changes in reported speech. He said that it must be pretty late and he really must go.
Dont put sticky things in your pocket, said his mother. Modal verbs in reported speech exercises modals exercises pdf. Fill in the gaps with one of the introductory verbs from the list below in the past simple. Pdf students ability at changing direct into indirect speech and.
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